Chapter 1: Introduction

Geographical Context

Socio-Cultural Context

The Study Area

Methodology

Layout of the Book

References

Chapter 2: State-wise Land Use Patterns

Introduction

State-wise Land Use Patterns

Land Use Patterns in Arunachal Pradesh

Land Use Patterns in Assam

Land Use Patterns in Manipur

Land Use Patterns in Meghalaya

Land Use Patterns in Mizoram

Land Use Patterns in Nagaland

Land Use Patterns in Sikkim

Land Use Patterns in Tripura

Discussion and Conclusions

References

Chapter 3: Forest Land Use Pattern

Introduction

Literature Review

Overview of Land Use Pattern

State-wise Forest Land Use Pattern

Arunachal Pradesh

Assam

Meghalaya

Manipur

Mizoram

Nagaland

Tripura

Sikkim

State-wise Density of Forest

Forest Cover Inside and Outside of Recorded Forest Area

Altitude-wise Forest Area

Forest Cover Trends in Northeast India

Factors Influencing Forest Land Use

Ecological and Economic Importance of Forest Land Use

Sustainable Land Use and Conservation Strategies

Discussion and Conclusion

References

Chapter 4: Forest Ecology and Biodiversity

Introduction

Physical Environment and Ecological Diversity

State-wise Forest Types

Diversity in Fauna, Flora, and Avifauna

State-wise Fauna and Flora

Faunal Diversity

Mammals

Birds

Amphibians and Reptiles

Wetlands and Aquatic Biodiversity

Biodiversity Hotspots and Protected Areas

Major Forest Types

Tropical Wet Evergreen Forests

Tropical Semi-Evergreen Forests

Tropical Moist Deciduous Forests

Tropical Dry Deciduous Forests

Tropical Thorn Forests

Sub-Tropical Pine Forests

Sub-Tropical Broad-Leaved Hill Forests

Temperate Broad-Leaved Forests

Temperate Coniferous Forests

Sub-Alpine and Alpine Forests

Bamboo and Cane Brakes

State-wise Dominant Forest Species

Significance of Forests: Ecological and Economic

Major Challenges

Bamboo and Grassland Ecology

Forest-Wetland Ecology

Human Ecology and Traditional Knowledge

Environmental Threats to Biodiversity

Deforestation and Habitat Fragmentation

Climate Change

Forest Fires

Invasive Species

Conservation and Sustainable Management

Discussion

Conclusion

References

Chapter 5: State-wise Distribution of Forests

Introduction

Horizontal Distribution of Forests

Vertical Distribution of Forests

National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries

Area, Flora, and Fauna in the Selected NPs and WLSs in Northeast India

Community Forests and Sacred Groves

State-wise Community Forests and Sacred Groves

Discussion and Conclusion

References

Chapter 6: Wetlands: Distribution and Environmental Significance

Introduction

Distribution of Wetlands in Northeast India

State-wise Distribution of Important Wetlands

Ramsar Wetlands in Northeast India

Ecological and Environmental Significance

Biodiversity Conservation

Flood Control and Hydrological Regulation

Climate Regulation and Carbon Storage

Water Purification

Livelihood Support

Important Wetlands of Northeast India

Loktak Lake

Deepor Beel

Rudrasagar Lake

Conservation Measures

National and International Initiatives

Major Conservation Approaches

Conclusion

References

Chapter 7: Forest Fires and Their Consequences

Introduction

Forest Fire Scenario in Northeast India

Causes of Forest Fires in Northeast India

Shifting Cultivation (Jhum)

Climatic Variability

Human Activities

Bamboo Flowering and Dry Biomass

Distribution and Patterns of Forest Fires

Ecological Consequences of Forest Fires

Loss of Biodiversity

Soil Degradation

Deforestation and Forest Degradation

Atmospheric and Climatic Consequences

Socio-Economic Consequences

Role of Remote Sensing and GIS in Forest Fire Management

Forest Fire Prevention and Management Strategies

Community Participation

Sustainable Shifting Cultivation

Fire Lines and Controlled Burning

Early Warning Systems

Afforestation and Restoration

Conclusion

References

Chapter 8: Human Uses of Forest Resources

Introduction

Literature Review

Uses Timber, Non-Timber, and Medicinal Plants

Major Timber Species and Uses

Uses of Non-Timber Forest Products

Uses and Management of Medicinal Plants

Sustainable Eco-tourism Development

Traditional Knowledge System

Challenges for Sustainable Management

Discussion and Conclusion

References

Chapter 9: Forest Management

Introduction

Forest Diversity and Ecological Significance

Historical Development of Forest Management

Community Forest Management

Shifting Cultivation and Forest Management

Biodiversity Conservation and Protected Areas

Forest Policies and Governance

Forest Degradation and Environmental Challenges

Role of Geospatial Technologies in Forest Management

Sustainable Forest Management Strategies

Conclusion

References

Chapter 10: Conclusions: Challenges and Perspectives

Introduction

Major Challenges and Perspectives

Conclusion and Recommendations

References