Named after the great poet-sage �Valmiki�, the Valmiki Tiger Reserve, Bihar, occurs in the foothill�s ranges of the Himalayan Siwaliks, on banks of river Gandak. It is believed that the sage Valmiki wrote the famous relious epic �Ramayana� in Sanskrit over here. The landscape encompasses mosaic of the cliffs, gorges, hills, ridges, streams, valleys, dense forests, open forests, grasslands, swamps and riparian forests and a combination of bhabar and terai tracts, which make it distinct from other parts of the state. This Tiger Reserve was constituted as 18th reserve under the Project Tiger of the Government of India, on 11th March 1994 and is situated between 83�0 50? and 84�0 10? east longitude and between 27�0 10? and 27�0 03? north latitude, spreading over 899 sq. Km area, with the Valmiki National Park, covering about 335 sq. km situated within it�s core region. The Valmiki Tiger Reserve and the Valmiki National Park together constitute the only Tiger reserve and National Park in the state of Bihar. The present book reports the occurrence of about 1100 plant species in wild, within the precincts of this Tiger Reserve. Taxonomic description of 941 species under 562 genera and 135 families of angiosperms, are provided along with the updated nomenclature, habitat and phenology of each species. Map of the area, economic uses and coloured photographs of many species are provided. Artificial keys to the families, genera, species and infraspecific taxa are also given for easy and correct identification. The book is of special significance as it consists of nomenclature details with 112 names synominized, 420 names lectotypified, 7 names neotypified and 25 new combinations proposed. Further, 65 taxa found in the Valmiki Tiger Reserve have been reported as new records for the flora of Bihar state. This book therefore, is expected to be of immense usefulness for biologists, botanists, ecologists, foresters, students, researchers, scientists, taxonomists and to all the nature lovers who are concerned with biodiversity conservation, sustainable utilization as well as bioprospection of plant genetic resources available in our country.