On the auspicious occasion of Indian Science Congress 16 to 20 March 2018, we are pleased and privileged to dedicate this book to the endeavors of biodiversity Governance of India. As we all know India is very rich in biodiversity however unsustainable harvesting and illegal exploitation of large number of highly precious plants in India has raised a serious issue on the existence of hundreds of endemic plants and animals. Literally hundreds of books, articles, and reports were written and scores of symposia, workshops, meeting and seminars were organized to publicize the fact that the Earth�s biological diversity was decreasing. Locally and internationally financed programs to conserve biodiversity were implemented. To promise these new efforts, however is tempered by the reality of the situation. The successes and failure of conservation efforts over the last decade have demonstrated that the erosion of biological diversity can be stopped only through novel and complex mixtures of economic, social and political actions based on a sound knowledge of ecosystems, including the role of the people who live there. Although we know a great deal about the causes of biodiversity lose, we are only beginning to understand how to formulate development strategies that are based on and simultaneously conserve biological diversity. Most people want to protect wild life and natural resources but do not know how best to act. At the same time there is a great urgency to act. We are thankful to all the authors and other contributors for giving their valuable time and data. They are responsible for the work presented in the paper and if any plagiarism question arises they are answerable. The 1st author or corresponded author has to take responsibility. The editors are not responsible for above issues. We are thankful to ISCA, Kolkata, ISCA President, General Secretaries , ISCA Executive Committee Members, and office bearers of the Indian Science Congress held at Manipur University, Imphal, Manipur from March 16 to 20, 2018 for encouraging us to hold symposium with focal themes, �REACHING THE UNRECAHED�. We extend our sincere thanks to all contributors who have contributed their articles for publications in these proceedings. This book will be very useful for researchers, scientists, students and all such entrepreneurs who are working in the field of public health.